Improved buck-machine



@einen gister gstentf @fitta LettersA Patent No. 81,506, dated August25, 1868.

I `IMPROVE-D BRIGKMAGHINE.

@the .Stimme ruimt in in tigers tetters ttmt tnt making put nf itt same.

TO ALLWHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Bo it known that I, WILLPAA H. HovEY, of Springfield, in the county ofHampden, `and Commonwealth of l Massachusetts, have invented-a new andimproved Brick-Machine; and I do lhereby declareA that the following isa full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, making part of this specification, and to theletters of reference marked thereon, in which- Y Y Figure lis a sideelevation of said machine. i

Figure 2 isa vertical sectional view of the same, the plane of sectionbeing indicated by the lines y yin iig. 4.

Figure 3, II, is a plan view of a portion of said machine, showingaboutone-half of the same.

Figure 3, I, is a horizontal sectional view' of the remaining portionofthe machine, the plane of section being indicated by the line z a: iniig. 2.

Figure 4 is an end elevation of said machine.

Figure 5',`I and III, shows, respectively, a front and side elevation ofthe, plunger and piston, which' moves' in the mould, and

'Figure 5, II and IV, shows vertical sections through I and III, theplane of section being indicated bythe line x x. I '1 My invention isdesigned to manufacture moulded brick of the kindwhich may be removedfrom the machine directly to thedrying-sheds, and there haired up, asdistinguished from the water-brick or mudbrick, so called, which must berst spread in layers upon the ground, and then dried to aertain extent,

before being piled together, which latter manufacture is thereforedependent upon the weather, and is consequently an uncertain andhazardous process. y

VThe bricks in my machine being formed in smooth metallic moulds, andentirely by machinery, are perfect and uniform in shape and composition,and the whole process can be carried on without regard to rain ordrought, I

und is therefore made a'certain and constant manufacture duringthe'brick-making season.

Said machine consists of e, strong supporting-framework, of timber; twoiron rolls, which revolve at different rates of speed; a table,whichcontains a s'et of metallic moulds, and has a. reciprocating rectilinearmotion beneath the rolls; two straight-edged steel bars, so placed as toact upon the rolls and the upper surface of the tableas scrapers, and acurved sheetof metal, the lower edge of which finishes the upper side ofthe brick; a set of metallic plungers or pistons, which move up and downin the several moulds, being actuated by small wheels or followersmoving upon or in reference vto a anged track, the surface of which isso formed as'to Voperate the plungers Vwhen the'table is' moved backwardand forward; and, nnlly, a gatefbywhi'ch the moulded brick are depositedupon carrying-boards, on which they are removed to the drying-sheds andpiled together, to remain until stacked in the kiln.

The minor parts which are appurtenant to the main partsalready detailed,are few and simple'.

Thetwo rollsare made of different diameters, and serve the doublepurposeofthoroughly grinding and working the clay and `sa'ndof which the brickare made, and also of pressing the prepared material into themouldsbeneath. If the clay is-of a refractory kind, a thirdsupplementary roll may be used above the smaller of theother two,so'that the clay and sand may be made to pass between this third rolland the larger one before they'pass between the latter and the secondroll.

The clay and sand m'ay be shovel-led into the top of the machine as dugfrom the ground, unless the clay is I too wet, in which caseit may beallowed to drain before using. v

The table is operated directly from thes'haft or gears of the main roll,and the whole apparatus is rendered simplevand durable by the smallnumber of parts, and their relative arrangement and operation.

The construction oi' my invention is as follows:

The framework consists of the long sills S S and cross-sills S', posts HHl H2, on each side, stringers I I,

and cross-pieces I I', the whole strongly made of timbers thoroughlyjointed toge'tther, and with the upper timbers bolted to the lowersills, if necessary, to resist the upward strain upon the rolls.

yend of the machine, except what is contained in the moulds.

A way, W, extends from the post I'I'to H2, on each side of the machine,upon `which the table slides.

The larger roll A is cylindricahand its shaft issupportcd in bearingsattached to the stringers I. The shaft of the other rollB, also aperfect cylinder, turns in bearings set in the posts Hl, and the tworolls are so set that the under faces are at the same distance fromthevfaee of the table.

Similar gear-whecls G G- are keyed on each end of the shaft oi A, one otwhich receives power from the small driving-gear g, while theothcrengages with the smaller gear-wheel Gr on the shaftof the roll B, andthus imparts to it a quicker motion than that'of A. Bythe unequal speedof 'the two rolls, afgrinding as well as a.

crushing and mixing effect upon the clay and sand is produced. The rollsare so set'thatwhen the faces are at the nearest point of approach, asufficient space is left for thepreparcd'clay to passthrough in properquantities to supply the moulds beneath. The faces of the rolls are madesmooth, and the rolls themselves may bc made hollow, as shown, withsupporting spiders extending inward to the shaft.v

If the toughness of the particularclay used requires the application ofathird roll, its bearings would be attached to the upper stringers I,and the clay would be passed between thelatter rll and A before passingdown between A and B. d

The table is formed of two side pieces K, connected'by girts, and havingthat part which passes beneath the rolls composed of a plane-plate, K',and a. mould-bed, PM As the downward pressure upon the table in afull-sized machine is considerable, the table will be east`entire, withthe exception ofthe mould-bed, which should be made in a separato piece,for the purpose ot renewing it, or substituting moulds of dierent size.Alseries ot' similar rectangular openings is formed in the mould-bed,which'constitute'thc sides of the moulds, and tho f bed is made otiron,or, by preference, of brass, or other non-corrosive metal.

The side piece K projects' beyond `the closed part of the table, tof'dzmr the supports g. h, upon which the carrying-bonrds b are placed toreceive the brick.

Strips k, fastened to the sidepieces K, support thc table on the ways W,and', if-necessary?, friction-rollers may be interposed, to make thetraversof-the table easier.

A reciprocating rectilinear motion is imparted to the table by thecrank-rods F F, which arel attached to v the main gears G G by thecrank-pins a, and take hold of the rod'E running through the end ofthetable.

To keep the clay in its proper place beneath the rolls, I place the twobars J J', (by preference, of steel,) which are rectangular intransverse section, between the lower face of the rolls and the surfaceof the table. These bars, which I denominate lScrapers, are rigidlysecured to the framework,lto resist Vthe pressure of the clay, and areset so that4 the scraping-edge of each will fall slightly back of thelowest point in the faces ofthe respective rolls, so as to scrape thesurfaces more elfectually than if placed directlybcneath the cutters ofthe rolls. The lower faces of the bars are plane, so as t0\come in.close con'tac't with the planefacc of' the table.

Itis evident that "when the machine is'in operation, no clay can passbcyendrthe scrapers towards either As the pressed clay in the mouldtends to expand and rise after passing under .the scraper J', I placethe curved metal plate C back of the roll A, its lower 'edge being madesharp, and faced-with steel for durability. ,When the moulds movebeneath this edge, any clay which rises above the top o f the mould-bedwill be shaved off by the lower edge of C, and the shavings will hecarried around the roll A, and again mix with thel clay at the top, andbe thus worked over.

The plunger P is fully'shown in fig. 5, the upper face being made to itcloselythe moulds in the bed'P,

and the sides being carried down far enough to guide the plungerproperly in its reciprocating movement.

Between the eax-spp, the wheel R is pivoted, and two thinner wheels r rturn in studs setin the respective ears. Theplungcr may be made of castiron, and, for durability, the upperl surfaccrmay be faced with brass. vThe track T is bolted to the cross-sills ot' the frame, and as manytracks are laid' as theinumber'ot' moulds o`r plungers. A flangeprojects on either sideof the upper face of the track, and this face isextended from t to t, in a line parallel with the face of the table,and.' thence rises atan anglekto t2, from which point 'it extends to theend at.t3, in a line parallel (when continued)vto t t1. The surface ofthistrack may be`varied, so as to cause theiplunger to rise slightlywhen passing beneath the edge of the shaving-plate C. The plunger ridesupon this track, and is made to follow the surface by-the rollers r rbelow the flanges.

When the moulddied is' between the Scrapers,v the plunger will bedepressed to its lowest point, and at this time the cla-y will bepressed. into. the moulds. Aft-erl the moulds passou'tward under theedge of C, the plunger begins to rise, the wheel R mounting on theinclined track t1 t2, and when the wheel reaches the level part, t2 t3,the 'face of thciplungeris even with the upper face of the mould-hed,and the brick is completely out of the mould.

To prevent the brick thus raised from passing back into the machine withthe table, a gate, Inlis provided, to the ends of which tho straps o oare pivoted, these straps boing in turn pivoted to the lcvcrso o"`onthe'ends of the rock-shaft N. A trippingjlever, O, rigidly fastened tothis rock-shai`t, is carried back with every outward motion of the tableby the pinj set the sidc of the piece K. As it is moved back, therock-shaft N is turned, and the gate is raised, so -ns to allow the`moulded brick to pass out beneath. The pin 7' is so set that when thebrick have passed a certain point, the pin slides over thetripping-lever, and allows the latter to fall back to its originalposition against a small spring, and the gate is thus allowed to descendbehind the brick, and prevent their return into the machine. As thetable moves back, it slides beneath the brickuntil they are deposited onthe carrying-board b. The pin j then crowds the lever O against thcspring until-it passes over it, andthe gate is then ready to be'raisedagain when the table next moves outward. Other mechanical devices may beapplied for operating the gate, with the same effect of preventing thereturn ofthe brick into the machine.

In the foregoing description of the-nature and construction of myinvention, the methodvof its operation has been mostly set forth. Itwill be seen, however, that the extreme point of the traverse of oneedge of the mould-bed is to the edge of the scraper J, and it is, by thejoint action of the two rolls, that the mould is per- .fectly filled.It' only one roll is used, the endwof the mould farthest from the'rollwould be iled, while the end of the brick nearest the roll would be leftimperfect, but the double pressure from the two rolls fills both ends ofthe mould perfectly, and produces u perfect brick, which is'completelyfilled out as to its angles and surface, und isuniform in compositionthroughout.

Having described my invention,wha.t Iclaim as new therein, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is.-E

1. The rolls A and B, of different diameters, and in combin'tion withthe Scrapers J J' and the vibrating table, having ereciprocatingrectilinear .motiornwith or without the curved plete C, whenoperating,subst/autinlly es described.` v

2. In eombinntion with table, having a. reciprocating rectilinearmotion, as described, a. gate, L, for preventing the return ofthemoulded brick into the machine, and for depositing the same upon theeerrying-board b, substantially as specified.

3. The combination and arrangement of the'mould-bed P and vibratingtable having a reciprocating rectilinear motion, rolls Aend B, ScrapersJ and J and plate C, plungers P and tracks T, and the gate L, the wholenrrnnged and operating. substantially as described.

Iny witness whereof, Ihave hereuntov set my hand, this twenty-eighth dayof May, A. D. 1868.

. WM. H. HOVEY.

Witnesses:

J.' P.- B'UCKLAND,. E. J. SOMMER.'

